Omega 3 and Omega 6 fatty acids are the ones which can not be made by the human body and it is a must for us to get them from the outside sources of the body. Thats why in the literature of medicine, they are named as ’essential fatty acids’. Herein 3 and 6 figures indicate the carbon atom which is the first double connection in their chemical system. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are long chained omega-3 fatty acids.
Tasks:
1- It fixes the Cellular Membrane : Effective working of the cellular membranes happens thanks to Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids. DHA is especially available in retina and neuron membranes.
2- Ability of Sight: Omega-3 named DHA is available in high concentration in the retina cell membranes being bottom of the eye. DHA fatty acid is very important for the development of retina.
3- Neurons: Posfolipids which are available in the grey brain structure contain DHA fatty acid and aracidonic acid of a high percentage. The animal experiments indicate when DHA decreases, the ability of learning also decreases simultaneously.
4- It reduces the production of inflammation hormones.
5- It makes gene interaction.
The Insufficiency of Fatty Acid;Görevleri;
In the event of the shortage of the essential fatty acids, it happens a decrease in growth and development of the babies clinically, it happens many symptoms such as tending to inflation and getting difficult of the healing of the injuries. When Omega3 and Omega6 is taken at small amount, Omega 9 increases in the blood. In event of the failure of the fatty acid absorbsion chronically, it is likely that cystic fibrositic fatty acid shortage is prevalent.
The Usage of Omega3 and Omega6 on Prevention of the Disease:
1) Adding it to the foods of the baby who were born as premature:
It was considered to add DHA to the baby foods for the development of eye and nevre cell of the premature babies. However, due to the results of the sicentific researches, on one hand it is available lots of researches saying that it is helpful, on the other hand it is available many researches saying that it is not helpful.
2) Pregnance:
It was verified that taking Omega3 during the pregnance does not prevent the formation of the diseases such as gestasionel diabetes (pregnance diabetes), hypertension, eclampsia.
The researches made in Europe showed that premature birth risk declined from %33 to %21, when it is given 2.7 gram EPA+DHA per day to the high risky pregnant women during 3 months. Even if it was claimed that the women take EPA+DHA during their pregnance have got better brain functions, it needs to be made further researches to prove this.
3) Heart Diseases:
The usage of Omega 6 Fatty Acid
Some researches showed that Omega 6( Linoleic Acid, LA) fatty acid usage prevented heart diseases but on the other side, some of them showed that they can not achieve to do this. It was found out that the cholesterol level, triglyceride and LDL cholesterol level is less in the persons who take Omega 6 fatty acid than the ones who does not take it.
The Usage of Omega 3 Fatty Acid
Alfa Linolenic Acid (ALA) is an Omega 3 fatty acid and the researches which was made showed that the coroner heart disease decreased %16 and the risk decreased %47 in the persons who took ALA 1 gram per day. On one hand the blood cholesterol does not decrease, on the other hand the protein indicating the heart disease named CRP decreases.
Long Chained Omega 3 fatty acid EPA and DHA Usage
EPA and DHA is the most effective method and in addition to this, it shows its availablity and its effectiveness with prevention of heart and blood vessel diseases arrhythmia, prevention of sudden death, prevention of clot formation, decreasing of the blood triglyceride level, decreasing arteriosclerosis, improving vessel endothelium, reducing of the inflammation in the people who uses these fatty acids. Thus, the heart attack and apoplexy decreases. So, it is advised to consume fatty fish twice a week at least.
The Usage of the Disease Treatment
1) If it is available coroner heart disease : It is advised to take 1 gram EPA and DHA per day
2) For the Diabetics: If triglyceride level is especially at high rate, omega 3 should be taken (1 gram per day).
3) If the triglyceride is at high rate: DHA+EPA should be taken 2 gram per day.
4) Rheumatoid Arthritis: It causes the decrease in the doses of the other drugs in such kind of patients..
5) Ulcerative Colitis and Chron Disease: It was gotten results hopefully in such kind of diseases.
6) Asthma Patients: It could not be found any effectiveness in the researches made.
7) Depression and Manic Depression, Schizophrenia: Some researches showed that the depression begins to go well partially and helpful in the patients who took EPA and DHA. It happened a reduction in the Manic Depression attacks. Because of that it was found omega 3 fatty acid rate was at low level in blood in the patients who were Schizophrenia, EPA was given to them. It was found that improving level in health of the patients who were given EPA together with the antipsychotic drugs was better.
In what foods available?
Omega-6 Fatty Acids
Omega 6 fatty acids are available in vegetable oils. It is available in soya oil, sunflower oil, corn oil and sesame oil. It is also available in the nuts such as walnut, almond and hazelnut
Omega-3 Fatty Acids
ALA (Alfa Linoleic Acid): ALA Omega 3 fatty acid is available in linseed, walnut and it these oils. Also Canola Oil is another source for ALA. Thats why, canola oil is one of the best oils.
The rate of omega 6 which is taken by using diet is incresed more than omega 3 gradually and its rate is 10-20/1 recently. Whereas, the best to do is increasing the taking of omega 3 acid which is real effective. So, American Heart Association advises that it should be eaten fish at least twice a week in order to save heart and its vessels and to avoid arrhythmia, if one has got coroner heart disease, it is advised to taken omega 3 as mixture of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid as 1 gram approximately.
Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) ve Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA):
These are the best Omega 3 fatty acids. The real source for these ones is the fatty fishes. The fatty fishes such as Salmon, Geranium, Tuna are very rich in these fatty acids.
How Can They Be Sold in Markets?
Omega-6 Fatty Acid
Borage Oil, Evening Primrose Oil contains Gama Linoneic Acid (GLA) very much and this is Omega 6. These drugs make side effects in stomach and intestines when it is taken in high doses. The patients who have epilepsy disease should not use Evening Primrose Oil. It might increase the convulsions.
Omega-3 Fatty Acid
It is available Omega -3 (ALA) fatty acid in linseed oil. It is very variable EPA and DHA fat rate in fish oil. So, while buying such kind of products, it is necessary to read the EPA and DHA rate on the label of the product. These kind of products can be absorbed well along with the meal. Also Cod Liver Oil contains Omega 3, however it is available A vitamin at high rates in it. In the people who takes Omega 3, it can be possible to see the growth on reflu, nausea and vomiting.
Be Careful About Buying Omega-3
When Omega 3 products are taken 3 gram per day, even if they are in safe, it should be taken into consideration of extension of the bleeding periods. The persons who use drugs such as coumadin and aspirin, should be pursueted with INR in the period of bleeding. Because of the fact that these kind of products pressurize the immune system, they should not be used in the patients whose immune system is poor and oftenly have diseases (infections). Some patients take fish oil forhigh triglyceride level, they should also control LDL colesterol level. In some reasearches made, it was verified that LDL colesterol level increased in the patients who consume fish oil.
WHAT IS INSULIN RESISTANCE?
Insulin Hormone is excreted from the beta cells of Pancreas gland which are available at the bottom side of stomach. Insulin excretion from the pancreas gland is regulated due to the level of glycemia. When Glycemia increases, insulin excretion from the pancreas happens quickly in 1- 2minutes and this is called ‘ first insulin excretion’. This takes 3-7 minutes. Later, second insulin excretion’ happens, this realizes slowly and it is continious and regular.
Our body maintains its own energy from the foods we eat, which is necessary for its self. After having meal, the foods are broken into pieces in intestines and they are transformed into small sugar pieces, they are circulated to our body by the blood currency after being absorbed in the intestines.
So as to acquire energy, blood sugar needs to enter into whole organs initially such as muscle, liver, fat and brain. Entering Blood sugar to the cells realizes thanks to the insulin hormone which is excreted from pancreas gland. In a point of view, insulin is a hormone that supplies the storage of the energy. If it is not available insulin hormone or in spite of its availability if it can not effect, as the sugar can not enter into the cell, it accumulates in the blood and diabetes arises. Concerning with the regulation of blood sugar, despite the fact that insulin has very important place, the other hormones ( glukagon, adrenalin) have got also important role on this partially.
Obesity, namely one of the hormones causing getting weight, is stemmed from the high level of insulin hormone in blood after the meal. Consuming the carbonhydrates continiously which have high glisemic index namely which raises the blood sugar quickly causes the insulin hormone at high levels in blood, saturation feeling with short period , attacks of feeling hungry, getting weight.
Thus, regulating the insulin rate in blood at normal levels makes you lose weight. The insulin which is at high level in blood initially puts blood sugar into the cells, but later he goes in a situation that he could not achieve to do this any longer. Capability of Insulin Hormone can not be effective enough is called as INSULIN RESISTANCE. It can be considered as a wall being between the blood vessel and cell. This wall (insulin resistance) prevents the glucose in blood from entering into muscle and blood cell. More the wall (insulin resistance) rises, more insulin is required to be excreted in order that the blood sugar could enter into the cell. Insulin hormone excreted from pancreas decresases because of the exhaustion of the pancreas gland as it Works too much and diabetes arises. In this period of time, first reactive hypoglycemia happens( attacks of hungry) , hidden diabete follows, afterward revealed diabetes appears.
The organs which insulin resistance is effective are muscles and liver. The sugar in blood is absorbed by muscles and liver so much. If it is available resistance namely if the insulin is not effective enough, the sugar increased in blood after meal begins to accumulate in blood as it can not enter into muscle and liver , afterward blood sugar raises.
Insulin hormone is the one which prevents the solving of the fats being in fat structure. When insulin effect decreases, the fats are solved from the fat sutructure and fatty acids and fats begin to increase in blood.
Making of insulin happening in liver is pressurized by the insulin hormone in healthy people. As it is not available of insulin effect in diabetics, sugar is produced too much in liver and blood sugar raises. At the moment fasting blood glucose passes over 100 mg/dl, that means liver glucose making has also increased.
Insulin resistance is much more effective in overweight people, thats why more the weight increases, more resistance happens, also possibility of having diabetes increases. Especially, accumulation of the fats in viscers around the abdomen increases the risk of diabetes.
WHAT IS LIVER LIPOIDOSIS?
Liver Lipoidosis is a case oftenly found in fat people. The actual reason of Liver Lipoidosis has not been known precisely yet, in spite of the fact that it often appears in the people who have diabetes except for the obesity, who have got blood fats at high level, who have got high tension. In reference with its treatment, there is not a clarity on this issue exactly.
It is available of simple lipoidosis in the most of the patients who has got liver lipoidosis and this disease normally moves smoothly and it does not turn into cirrhosis. However, if there is pyogenesis in liver, namely fatty hepatit( second term), cirrhosis may develop.
There is liver lipoidosis of the overweight people who are adult in the ratio of %57-%75, for the overweight children this ratio is %23-%50.
Most of the people who are diagnosed by the doctors do not have any kind of symptoms or complaints. Some of them feel exhaustion, lassitude and fullness in the right side of abdomen. Liver Growth and enlargement develop in the people who has got liver lipoidosis.
In liver tests named AST ( SGOT) ALT ( SGPT), Alkalen Fosfataz and GGT, it happens raising the rates of test results of the people who have got liver lipoidosis. Raising the rates of these test results indicates that there is a damage in liver of the person concerned.
59% of the patients who have got simple liver lipoidosis do not experience any change concerning the disease in a period of time, as for %13 of patients the lipoidosis heals spontaneously. Besides, for 28% of the patients development of the disease and cirrhosis may proceed.
For the treatment of liver lipoidosis, one should lose weight and go on a diet in convenience with this disease. Along with this, if there is diabetes and if the blood fats are at high level, these diseases must also be treated.
It is very important for the people who has got liver lipoidosis, to lose weight slowly while going on a diet. As for the ones who lose weight fast, the liver disease may get worse. Children should lose weight at the most 500gram per week, adults should lose weight 1600gram per week. Some drugs might be used in accordance with the doctor’s advise.
RESOURCES
1. Prof Dr Metin Özata, Gİ Diyeti, Erko yayıncılık, 2008
2. Prof Dr Metin Özata, Vitamin, Mineral Bitkisel Ürün Rehberi, Gürer yayınları, 2008
3. http://www.zayiflamadr.com/
4. http://www.gidiyet.com/
5. http://www.drdiyabet.com/
